• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A stabilizing agent which produces stable fuel oil-water mixtures for use as fuels with consequent fuel savings comprises: -a combustible emulsifier 6 to 11.5 parts by weight -ferrocene 4 to 9 parts by weight -magnesium (as an oil-soluble magnesium -salt) 4.5 to 9.2 parts by weight -anionic surfactant 1.4 to 3 parts by weight -benzoic acid 0 to 12 parts by weight -in an oil-based liquid medium. -
    公开号:SU1230470A3
    申请号:SU792847819
    申请日:1979-11-16
    公开日:1986-05-07
    发明作者:Хси Ло Ших
    申请人:Фарсан Энтерпрайзиз Лимитед (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to stable water-in-oil mixtures for use as fuel, containing a stabilizer.
    The aim of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the stabilizer, in particular its stability and stabilizing properties.
    The proposed stabilizer is conveniently prepared by preparing (I) a solution of a magnesium salt and an anionic surfactant in paraffin or another oil fraction with a moderate or high boiling point; (2) a solution of ferrocene in oil; (3) a solution of emulsifier and benzoic acid (if it is included in the composition) in the system of organic solvents and the subsequent mixing of these three solutions (1), (2) and (3) in any order. As an oil for ferrocene, it is preferable to use fuel oil. As an organic solvent for an emulsifier, it is convenient to use aromatic or araliphatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene or xylene, especially if the emulsifier is a mixture of glycerides.
    Benzoic acid is dissolved separately in a more polar solvent, for example, in a lower alkanol, such as methanol, and then this solution is added to an emulsifier solution to form a mixed solution in an organic solvent system containing an oil solvent and a polar one.
    The stabilizer contains anionic JIAB sulfonate type, in particular, a long chain alkylene sulfonate.
    After preparation, the stabilizer can be stored indefinitely and is not chemically decomposed or physically separated.
    The proposed stabilizer is used to stabilize the water-in-oil mixture by adding it to the oil simultaneously with water with vigorous stirring. The stabilizer and water can be added separately or simultaneously, which is preferred, or the stabilizer is first mixed with water, and then the stabilized water to -


    15
    20
    : g5
    2304702
    oil to oil. The addition of the proposed stabilizer to the oil with the following: the addition of water to it is less effective.
    It is preferable to dilute the oil before adding a stabilizer and water, i.e. reduce its viscosity. This can be accomplished by heating the oil to a moderate temperature, for example about 30 ° C, vigorous stirring with a large shearing force, or diluting with a small amount of a more liquid grade oil.
    The prepared water-and-oil mixture is a stable emulsion that is stored at moderate temperatures (i.e., above freezing, and below 40 ° C) for a long time without separation.
    It is better to prepare a water-oil mixture immediately before use, for example, by adding water and a stabilizer directly to the system between, the fuel tank and the burner.
    Wadno-oil for a mixture may contain up to 50% by volume of water, for example, 10- 30% by volume or ideally 18-25%. With increasing water content, the amount of stabilizer needs to be increased, and in general, the ratio of the total number of stabilizer components to water in parts by weight should be 1: 8400 - 1: 14000. In a mixture of 35 where these parts by weight are present in solution and are expressed in grams per liter, the solution should be added to water in a weight ratio of 1: 250-1: 420.
     О The amount of water that can be added to the oil depends largely on the efficiency of the combustion system for which the combustible mixture is intended. Most of the boilers for water heating are relatively low efficient and a relatively large part of the fuel is not used, leaving the system unburned or burnt incompletely, made this way: 50 less heat and increasing pollution of the atmosphere. The proposed stabilizer increases the combustion efficiency of liquid fuel. Part of the fuel can be replaced by water, getting at 55 this the same amount of heat. In addition, more efficient combustion less pollutes the atmosphere with soot, carbon orsis, etc.
    thirty
    In the present invention, it is possible to replace 20% or more of liquid fuel with water and obtain the same amount of heat in combination with a reduced environmental pollution.
    Example 1 The stabilizer is prepared by a solution of 6.7 g of a mixture of glycerides of fatty acids with 12–20 carbon atoms in toluene (200 ml) and benzoic acid (6.7 g) in methanol (200 ml) and mixing these two solutions of Ferrocene ( 7.3 g) is dissolved in approximately 500 ml of fuel and this solution is mixed with a previously prepared solution containing benzoic acid and glycerides. Then, Apex No. 851 (100 ml) containing magnesium (7 g) in the form of a fuel soluble magnesium salt — naphthenate, and an anionic surfactant of the sulfonate type (2 g) are added to this mixture. The total mixture is thoroughly ne. stir while adding 334 liters of water at the same time. Prepare a mixture of water in the fuel in the ratio of 1: 3 and 1: 4 (by volume). The mixtures are stable and can be stored at ambient temperature for several weeks without separation.
    Example 2. Comparison of water-fuel mixture and fuel.
    Water-fuel mixture in the ratio of 1: 4, containing the stabilizer of example 1, is compared with pure hydrocarbon fuel with heating of 100 liters of water with a temperature of 25 - 95 ° C.
    A standard preheater is used in which the preheated fuel is removed by pressure in the combustion chamber. Inside the chamber, the initial temperature is provided, the water temperature is 25 ° C and the preheating temperature is 90 ° C. Fuel pressure 2 kg / cm. In each experiment, the air supply and fuel injection rate are selected in such a way as to ensure optimal conditions for smokeless combustion. In each experiment, the initial fuel volume is measured, the remaining fuel volume is determined, and thereby the amount of fuel used is determined. The averaged results obtained in two experiments are as follows:
    fuel consumption, kg
    fuel6,5
    water-fuel mixture6,4
    temperature in the combustion chamber, fuel860
    water-fuel
    mixture
    890
    time
    24/15
    consumed for heating from 25 to 95 C, min / s
    fuel24 / 30
    water-fuel
    mixture
    Two types of fuel produce almost the same amount of heat with the same fuel consumption. Since the water-oil content of the mixture contains 20% water, THEN as a result, a saving of 20% fuel is obtained.
    The temperature inside the combustion chamber is 30 s above, but the total heating time is almost the same. The fuel / water mixture has a viscosity 1.6 times greater than the viscosity of a clean fuel, therefore, preheating must be done 10 times higher in order to provide the same feed rate.
    Example 3 Using a heater similar to example 2, and a water-fuel mixture in the ratio 1: 3, the amount of fuel and the time required for is measured. boil a predetermined volume of water with an initial temperature of .1S ° C.
    During the experiments, the temperature of the combustion chamber is on average 70 C higher when using a water-fuel mixture than when using a clean fuel. The temperature rise rate is shown in the table.
    Table 1
    18 31 39 46 54 63 73
    18 30 36
    44 50 58 67
    Continued table.
    Time, min
    Rate of rise temperature
    BUT
    78 85 93 100
    B 75
    BO 85 93
    100
    When heated, the average amount of clean fuel consumed is 5 kg in one experiment, and the average amount of water-fuel mixture consumed is 5.23 kg, of which 3.975 kg is fuel oil.
    From these results it can be seen that with a ratio of 1: 4, 20, 5% of fuel is saved. Since the heating time is actually shortened, in fact, fuel economy is greater than 20.5%. In addition, the flame has a pure orange color in contrast to red and yellow and soot.
    Examples 4-6. A stabilizing agent is prepared analogously to Example 1, but using the following amounts of each component, presented in Table. 2
    table 2
    Components
    faces
    The number of examples
    Glyceride fatty
    acids 11.0 6
    Ferrocene
    five
    Magnesium naphthenate 8.75 4.9 9.2
    PAV2,5
    Benzoic acid10
    1.4 2.7
    0
    five
    0 5
    about
    0
    five
    0
    five
    P 1E and measure 7. The stabilizing agent is prepared according to example Is, but without ferrocene. The stabilized oil-water mixture was prepared analogously to example 1, it is relatively stable, but it burns with the formation of an unstable, changeable flame, which is sometimes higher or lower than the temperature, less pronounced and less stable.
    Example 8. A stabilizing agent is prepared analogously to Example 1, but without Arah No. 851. A stabilizer is used to prepare the fuel / water mixture as in the example. This mixture burns hard at lower temperatures, with uneven thermal conditions. The oil is distributed much less evenly and the mixture is almost unusable.
    The formulations are in accordance with Examples -8 for various periods of time and then their physical properties are checked. All stabilized lean substances are themselves stable up to a year during which
    physical properties are non-variable and their

    The ability to stabilize the water / oil mixture remains unchanged.
    Fuel-water mixtures manufactured using these formulations behave as follows. Water-fuel mixtures, stabilized by the compositions according to examples (- 3.4 and 6 remain stable for a year, retain their burning characteristics. Water-oil for the mixture, stabilized by the composition according to example 5, remains stable for six months, retains its characteristics water-oil mixture stabilized by the composition according to example 7, remains stable for a year, but less useful because of the unstable characteristics of flame resistance. Water-oil mixture, made on the basis of the composition For example 8, decomposes after several hours. J
    The water-fuel mixture, stabilized by the composition according to example 7, forms the same amount of heat as in example 2., but the stability of the flame does not make it 7304708
    the use of difficult and unsatisfied example 8 is so unstable that it is rigorous. Water-to-fuel mixture, steady-state measurements of heat cannot be done by composition.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. A WATER-FUEL EMULSION STABILIZER based on an emulsifier containing a fraction of mono-, di- and triglycerides of fatty acids C-C ^ characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of the stabilizer, it additionally contains ferrocene, magnesium naphthenate, anionic oil-soluble surfactant sulfonate type in the following ratio of components, parts by weight:
    Emulsifier above
    Magnesium Naphthenate
    Anionic oil- t- fermentable sulfonate-type surfactant type Ferrocene
    [2]
    2. The stabilizer according to claim
    arising from the fact that it contains benzoic acid in an amount of 6,710.0 wt.h.
    6.0-11; 0
    4.9-9.2
    1.4-2.7
    4.0-9.0
    1 . about t l and SU 1230470
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AU5283279A|1980-05-22|
    IT7927276D0|1979-11-14|
    IL58705A|1982-02-28|
    IL58705D0|1980-02-29|
    BR7907449A|1980-09-23|
    CA1114596A|1981-12-22|
    GB2039459B|1983-04-13|
    US4266943A|1981-05-12|
    NL7908387A|1980-05-20|
    DE2946277A1|1980-06-04|
    BE880069A|1980-03-17|
    GB2039459A|1980-08-13|
    IT1127224B|1986-05-21|
    GR74099B|1984-06-06|
    PH16175A|1983-07-21|
    PL219669A1|1980-10-20|
    FR2441656A1|1980-06-13|
    JPS55108493A|1980-08-20|
    ZA796185B|1980-11-26|
    PL125046B1|1983-03-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB835870A|1958-01-15|1960-05-25|Exxon Research Engineering Co|Fuel compositions|
    US3540866A|1964-06-22|1970-11-17|Lubrizol Corp|Fuel oil-water composition containing metal oxide|
    US4104036A|1976-03-08|1978-08-01|Atlantic Richfield Company|Iron-containing motor fuel compositions and method for using same|
    US4139349A|1977-09-21|1979-02-13|E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co.|Fuel compositions containing synergistic mixtures of iron and manganese antiknock compounds|US4834775A|1986-06-17|1989-05-30|Intevep, S.A.|Process for controlling sulfur-oxide formation and emissions when burning a combustible fuel formed as a hydrocarbon in water emulsion|
    US5156114A|1989-11-22|1992-10-20|Gunnerman Rudolf W|Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of combustion|
    USRE35237E|1989-11-22|1996-05-14|Gunnerman Rudolf W|Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of combustion|
    US6302929B1|1994-04-04|2001-10-16|Rudolf W. Gunnerman|Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of preparing|
    JP2002038169A|2000-05-19|2002-02-06|Taiho Ind Co Ltd|Fuel additive for bitumen heavy oil o/w emulsion fuel|
    US7279017B2|2001-04-27|2007-10-09|Colt Engineering Corporation|Method for converting heavy oil residuum to a useful fuel|
    US20030172583A1|2001-10-16|2003-09-18|Kitchen George H.|Fuel additive|
    KR100428749B1|2002-03-12|2004-04-28|한국화학연구원|New soot-controlling catalytic fuel-additive compositions|
    US7341102B2|2005-04-28|2008-03-11|Diamond Qc Technologies Inc.|Flue gas injection for heavy oil recovery|
    AT491861T|2006-02-07|2011-01-15|Diamond Qc Technologies Inc|CARBON DIOXIDE ENRICHED SMOKE GAS INJECTION FOR HYDROCARBON RECOVERY|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB7845082|1978-11-17|
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